Designed by Clarence "Kelly" Johnson, the Lockheed U-2 was operated by the CIA and USAF. It was an all-weather reconnaissance aircraft that operated at 70,000 feet. Its first test flight was in 1955 and was flown during the Cold War over the Soviet Union, China, Vietnam, and Cuba. In 1960, Gary Powers was shot down in a CIA U-2A over the Soviet Union by a surface-to-air missile.